In March attackers shot and killed Father Gumersindo Cortes in Guanajuato. Most formal-sector workers (70 percent) received between one and three times the minimum wage. The CNB searches mass graves across the country. The government investigated and prosecuted some of these crimes, but the vast majority remained uninvestigated and unprosecuted. . In July 2020 he was arrested in another country pursuant to a Mexican extradition request on charges that he diverted millions of dollars in public funds. State labor inspectors, however, reported finding evidence of child labor, particularly in agricultural establishments. Censorship or Content Restrictions: Human rights groups reported that some state and local governments censored media. Indigenous persons generally had limited access to health care and education services. The National Program for the Integral Protection of Children and Adolescents, mandated by law, is responsible for coordinating the protection of childrens rights at all levels of government. Inspectors generally were permitted to examine the informal sector only in response to complaints. Whether in high-value targeting, countering violence and criminality in natural resources, or suppressing robberies and extortion, Mexicos various military and law enforcement forces are instructed to only undertake operations without the visible use of force even when criminal militias take over new territories and declare autonomy, or cartels bomb local populations. Nongovernmental Impact: Organized criminal groups exercised a grave influence over media outlets and reporters, threatening individuals who published critical views of crime groups. Law enforcement actions to curb illegal deforestation drastically diminished in recent years. President Lpez Obrador has greatly expanded the scope of the armed forces activities, deploying them for law enforcement and customs enforcement, and to control irregular immigration, run social programs, and build and operate mega projects. Impunity and extremely low rates of prosecution remained a problem for all crimes, including human rights abuses and corruption. On August 30, the Extraordinary Mechanism for Forensic Identification became fully operational. Travel for U.S. government employees is limited to the following areas with the noted restrictions: U.S. government employees may not travel to other areas of the state of Michoacan, including the portions of theMonarch Butterfly Reservelocated in Michoacan. Read all the Order from Chaos content, Nonstate armed actors and illicit economies in 2022, declined by 3.6% from the previous year to 33,308, U.S.-Mexico Bicentennial Framework for Security, Public Health, and Safe Communities, Strobe Talbott Center for Security, Strategy, and Technology, Drug Trafficking & Counter-Narcotics Policy, The nexus between the illicit narcotics trade and corruption, The travails of the US-Mexico High-Level Security Dialogue, Criminal violence, politics, and state capture in Michoacn, USMCA Forward 2023: Building more integrated, resilient, and secure supply chains in North America, USMCA Forward 2023 Chapter 1: National Security, Strategic partner of choice: Canadas role in enhancing North American supply chain resiliency. The COVID-19 pandemic generated additional risks and exacerbated vulnerabilities for IDPs, including overcrowding in shelters and difficulty accessing food, basic health care, and education. Organized criminal groups reportedly continued to oversee illicit activities from within penitentiary walls, and rival drug cartel members often fought in prison. This represented an increase of 11 percent of children from the 2017 INEGI survey. Families of the disappeared have formed more than 130 search collectives to investigate disappearances, including, frequently, by digging up mass graves. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Campeche state. Several indigenous communities brought legal actions to oppose the construction, many of which were dismissed or denied. In April 2021, pro-government legislators passed a law extending the terms of the Supreme Court Chief Justice and members of the Federal Judiciary Council, which controls hiring and firing of judges. The law provides criminal penalties for corruption by officials, and the government took steps to increase its legal authority to pursue these crimes. In 2019 a Mexico City court ordered academic Sergio Aguayo, a columnist of the daily newspaper Reforma, to pay a fine of 10 million pesos ($530,000) in moral damages to former Coahuila governor Humberto Moreira. In one such program I encountered in Michoacn, for example, teenagers were paid by the government to receive training as hairdressers while the hairdressers were paid for the teaching. 17 murders per day. Coahuila state Exercise Increased Caution. Since 2019 more than 60 women accused Roemer of sexual abuse, assault, and rape. Follow the U.S. Embassy on Facebook and Twitter. Workers had to buy food and other items at the company store at high markups, at times leaving them with no money at the end of the harvest after settling debts. Also see the Department of States Trafficking in Persons Report at https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/. State search collectives reported being victims, at times fatal, of attacks, threats, and other acts of harassment. The State Department's Mexico Crime and Safety Report for Merida (OSAC) details that there is very little to no narco-related crime threat in Merida. Documentation supporting a persons identity and origin was lacking. Nor do reductions in murders mean other forms of violence, such as extortion, or criminal groups control over territories and people, have lessened. There were 46 female candidates for governor; from 2012 to 2018, there cumulatively only 42. In June 2020, Mexico was elected as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council for 2021 to 2022. The army and the navy have human rights units to create protocols and training. Abuse of Migrants and Refugees: The press, international organizations, and NGOs reported targeting and victimization of migrants by criminal groups and in some cases by police, immigration officers, and customs officials, including at land borders and airports. According to National Security Secretariat statistics, between January and June, state-level prosecutors and attorneys general opened 495 femicide investigations throughout the country, exceeding the 477 state-level femicide investigations opened in the first half of 2020 (statistics from state-level reports often conflated femicides with all killings of women). In August 2021, the government named a group of seven international forensic and legal experts to lead the Extraordinary Forensic Identification Mechanism, which will be tasked with identifying bodies recovered from mass graves. Violent crime is widespread. In August 2020 a federal judge sentenced Juan Carlos El Larry Moreno Ochoa to 50 years in prison for killing Breach. However, pursuit of justice remains elusive. . Some areas of Mexico have increased risk of crime and kidnapping. According to the Mexican Statistical Agency (INEGI) in Mexico there were a total of 36,773 homicides in 2020, according to the SESNSP there were a total of 34,555 murders that same year. Informal Sector: According to INEGI informal workers represented 56 percent of total workers in the country as of the second quarter of the year. Municipal candidates and challengers seeking to oust incumbents were the most common victims of political violence, with victims spread across the political spectrum. The STPS has the authority to order labor inspections at any time in the event of labor law violations, imminent risk to employees, or workplace accidents. In September, the Supreme Court made three rulings that set important precedents for reproductive rights. In August Yucatan passed a law legalizing same-sex marriage, increasing the number of states making it legal to 22 of the countrys 32 states. To various degrees, the criminal groups build political power by intimidating and bribing government officials, and obtain political capital with local populations by giving social handouts and organizing narco courts to arbitrate disputes. In 2019, the Supreme Court ruled that a lesbian couple from Aguascalientes state should be allowed to register a child born to one of the women as a child of both. Sexual Harassment: Federal law prohibits sexual harassment and provides for fines from 250 to 5,000 times the minimum daily wage, but the law was not effectively enforced. The constitution and law prohibit discrimination with respect to employment or occupation. Mexican immigration officials have refused to follow court rulings ordering them to prevent the spread of Covid-19 in immigration detention centers. Chiapas state Exercise Increased Caution. The UN Office for the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) documented cases in the states of Mexico and Chiapas in which detainees remained in pretrial detention for more than 12 years. Public buildings and facilities often did not comply with the law requiring access for persons with disabilities. If separating from your travel group, send a friend your GPS location. Some detainees complained of a lack of access to family members and to counsel after police held persons incommunicado for several days and made arrests arbitrarily without a warrant. In July the secretary of the navy publicly apologized to families of the victims, marking the first time the armed forces apologized for committing forced disappearances. Conflicts arose from the interpretation of indigenous communities self-governing normative systems. Uses and customs laws apply traditional practices to resolve disputes, choose local officials, and collect taxes, with limited federal or state government involvement. If all countries commitmentswere in a similar range, warming would reach up to 3C by the end of the century. Prosecutors continue to use arraigo detention, a mechanism allowing them to obtain judicial authorization to detain anyone for up to 40 days without charge, for interrogation. After the STPS canceled the vote, in May the rapid response mechanism under the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement commenced, and the government agreed to review a denial of freedom of association and collective bargaining rights at the plant, confirming the denial of rights. Doctors and nurses regularly attempt to dissuade them from undergoing the procedure or refuse to perform it. Share this via Email Of the day laborers, 33 percent received no financial compensation for their work, and only 3 percent had a formal written contract. jp morgan salary increase 2022; was robert really injured in everybody loves raymond; madonna's sisters and brothers; does coconut milk shampoo make your hair greasy. The NGO Disability Rights International reported various instances of abuse, including the use of prolonged restraints and isolation rooms for children with disabilities in both public and private institutions. Both the boys and their hairdresser trainers pocketed the government money and went about their lives, criminal or otherwise, as before. According to the measurement, which offers a balance for 2020, the capital of Potos has a rate of 37,400 victims per 100,000 inhabitants, only below Toluca, capital of the State of Mexico, with 38,300. San Luis Potosi state Exercise Increased Caution. Conditions in prisons and detention centers were often harsh and life threatening. Quintana Roo state Exercise Increased Caution. According to multiple NGOs, due to COVID-19s impact on the economy, funding sources for womens shelters, including for indigenous women, were insufficient. Freedom of Expression for Members of the Press and Media, Including Online Media: Independent media were active and expressed a wide variety of views without restriction but often self-censored due to fear of reprisal. 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Mexico, An official website of the United States Government, https://www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/, https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases, https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/, https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/findings/, https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods. Amidst this systematic weakening of Mexicos institutions,the effort by Lpez Obrador and his Attorney General Alejandro Gertz Manero to gut and reverse Mexicos judicial reforms toward an accusatorial system andweaken judicial independenceare among the most detrimental. COMARs budget increased modestly in recent years but was not commensurate with the growth in refugee claims in the country. The Federal Center also carries out mandatory pre-judicial conciliations at the federal level, with local conciliation centers carrying out the same function at the state level. On May 18, an exhibit in Mexico City on Israeli innovation was vandalized with anti-Semitic and anti-Israel messages. By law government health providers are obliged to offer sexual and reproductive emergency health services for survivors of sexual violence within 120 hours of the sexual assault. U.S. government employees may travel to other parts of Sonora state in compliance with the above restrictions, including tourist areas in: Hermosillo, Bahia de Kino, and Puerto Penasco. Maui, HI. It is also a criminal offense in all states. In July the army provided reparations to two of the three families of persons killed in July 2020 by soldiers in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, during an encounter with suspected cartel members. February. (Lpez Obrador falsely claimed in November 2021 that a deal to end forest loss by 2030 reached at the global climate summit in Glasgow was inspired by Sowing Life.) On February 6, the federal Law Against Digital Harassment took effect. There are no other restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Guanajuato state, which includes tourist areas in:San Miguel de Allende,Guanajuato City, andsurrounding areas. In 2019, the Supreme Court issued a similar ruling arising from a case in Jalisco. Some prisons were undersubscribed, while others were overcrowded. Drug traffickers involved in illegal logging recruited and kidnapped indigenous persons and children in isolated or displaced communities, withheld their wages, forced them to conduct illicit activities, and often threatened death if they tried to leave. As in 2020, NGOs in Campeche and Yucatan submitted multiple civil injunctions against the project citing a lack of transparency regarding environmental impact assessments and adverse effects on indigenous cultural heritage. If the relevant authority accepts a CNDH recommendation, the CNDH is required to follow up with the authority to verify that it is carrying out the recommendation. Six female candidates became governors, the largest number in the history of the country. The Lpez Obrador administration has actively participated in abusive US immigration policies. The procedure known in Spanish as arraigo (a constitutionally permitted form of pretrial detention employed during the investigative phase of a criminal case before probable cause is fully established) allows, with a judges approval, for certain suspects to be detained prior to filing formal charges. People with disabilities receive little government protection or support and are at higher risk of abuse and neglect by their families. Emergency contraception was available, including for survivors of sexual assault. Citizens generally registered the births of newborns with local authorities. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. All 32 states allow abortion in cases of rape. In July the CNB reported it had recovered more than 1,100 pounds of charred human remains from La Bartolina, Tamaulipas, a clandestine cremation site found in 2017. Thousands of people disappear every year in Mexico. Officials and experts agree that the real number of Covid-19 infections and deaths is likely many times higher than the official count. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. From 2013 through 2020, the CNDH received 3,799 complaints. An additional February reform mandated pretrial detention for femicides, sexual violence against minors, forced disappearances, and corruption. Citizens have access to an independent judiciary in civil matters to seek civil remedies for human rights abuses. Social programs to combat child labor did not address all sectors where child labor occurred. The states of Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, and Zacatecas, plus Mexico City, accounted for 76 percent of reported disappearances from 2018 to June 30. And law prohibit discrimination with respect to employment or occupation in Guanajuato real number of Covid-19 in immigration detention were. 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